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111.
E. M. Van Hees-Boukema J. C. Zadoks 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1986,92(2):71-80
Urediospores ofPuccinia recondita f.sp.tritici were applied to wheat seedlings. Inoculated plants were placed in a growth chamber to expose the spores to dry periods from zero to nine days at near-optimal temperatures (ca 18 °C). The dry period was followed by a wet period varying from 2 to 24 hours for germination of spores and infection of plants. Infection results were subjected to analysis of variance. The main effects dry period, wet period, and temperature were highly significant. The dry period×wet period interaction was significant. The interaction implied that the effects of post-detachment, ripening of germinable spores appeared in their resulting infectivity. There were two forms of post-detachment ripening, a slow ripening during the dry period and a faster ripening during the wet period. The two forms of ripening showed a non-additive compensatory interaction. The effect of post-detachment ripening on infectivity of germinated spores was more pronounced at 15 than, at 18 or 20 °C; the effect was strongest during the first day of the dry period. At dry periods of over 6 days, infectivity of germinated spores decreased, especially at the higher temperatures. Prolonged exposure, of spores to a dry period apparently damages the spores even though they are still able to germinate.Samenvatting Uredosporen van de bruine roest van tarwe (Puccinia recondita f.sp.tritici) werden over het eerste blad van tarwekiemplanten verstoven. De aldus geïnoculeerde planten werden in een klimaatkamer geplaatst bij ca. 18 °C om de sporen bloot te stellen aan droge perioden van 0 tot 9 dagen. De droge perioden werden gevolgd door natte perioden van 2 tot 24 uur om de sporen te laten kiemen en de planten te infecteren. Na de natte periode werden de planten bij verschillende temperature geplaatst om de latente periode en de vorming van sporenhoopjes te bepalen. De hoofdeffecten op de vorming van sporenhoopjes waren zeer significant: duur van de droge periode, duur van de natte periode en temperatuur. Twee vormen van sporenrijping werden gevonden bij rijping vnn sporen, die los op het blad lagen (rijping, buiten de sporenhoopjes), een langzame rijping tijdens de droge periode en een snelle rijping tijdens de natte periode. Deze twee vormen van rijping vertoonden statistische interactie met enige wederzijdse compensatie. Het effect van deze sporenrijping (buiten de sporenhoopjes) op de infectiviteit van gekiemde sporen was bij 15 °C duidelijker dan bij 18 en 20 °C; het effect was het sterkst tijdens de eerste dag van de droge periode. Bij droge periodes langer dan 6 dagen daalde de infectiviteit, vooral bij de hogere temperaturen. 相似文献
112.
银纹夜蛾人工饲养技术研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文在研究了各种环境因子对银纹夜蛾实验种群影响的基础上,进一步研究了食量,低温保种及饲养管理技术,设计了一种便于收集卵的新型产卵笼,并总结了人工饲养银纹夜蛾的技术要点。 相似文献
113.
A technique for rearing the progeny of wildCeratitis capitata flies was developed. The method is based on wild captured flies which are allowed to oviposit in artificial fruit containing
larval rearing medium. Flies develop in the fruit from eggs to last larval instar, then exit the fruit and pupate within vermiculite.
This method was shown to be feasible and efficient, and to increase considerably the number of wild flies for testing purposes.
Possible contribution to the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) and potential applications of the method are discussed. 相似文献
114.
不同配方施肥对种茧育的影响 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
试验结果表明:在有机肥施用量不变的情况下,桑园增施磷钾肥,能极显著地提高种茧的茧质,产卵量及良卵率。 相似文献
115.
本文首次报导应用赤眼蜂蛹作为替代食料人工饲养尼氏钝绥螨。日食蛹量,幼螨为0.18头,产卵前期成螨达1.18头,而产卵期成螨则为0.95头左右。在25℃饲养条件下,每雌产卵达45粒,卵历期48小时,孵化率近92%,幼螨存活率88%,成螨雌性占55%,雌成螨寿命25天。用赤眼蜂蛹连代饲养的尼氏钝绥螨在桔园释放,对柑桔全爪螨具有明显的控制作用。 相似文献
116.
I. Vloutoglou B.D.L. Fitt J.A. Lucas 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1999,105(6):585-595
Controlled environment studies were conducted to determine the effects of inoculum density, temperature, leaf wetness and light regime on the infection of linseed by Alternaria linicola. The % cotyledons and leaves with symptoms, and the disease severity (% leaf area with symptoms) increased linearly when the inoculum density increased from 1×103 to 1×105 conidiaml–1. The first symptoms appeared on cotyledons and leaves 4 and 6 days after inoculation, respectively. Eight hours of leaf wetness were sufficient to initiate the disease at 25°C but not at 15°C, when 10-h periods of leaf wetness were required. % leaf area with symptoms was lower at 15°C than that at 25°C irrespective of the leaf wetness periods tested. Interruption of a continuous leaf wetness period by a 12-h dry period, occurring at any time between 1 and 18h after inoculation, decreased the % cotyledons with symptoms and the disease severity, with the greatest reductions (60% and 100%, respectively) being observed when the dry period began 6h after inoculation. A. linicola conidia were able to exploit successive 12-h periods of leaf wetness cumulatively to infect linseed plants. Disease incidence and severity were positively correlated with the dark period following inoculation, but they were negatively related to the length of the initial light period. Our findings suggest that infection of linseed by A. linicola and further development of symptoms can occur under unfavourable environmental conditions. 相似文献
117.
lntroductionTherearemanystudiesonOrientaIWhiteStorks.Thestudysubjectsincludepopulation,distribution,migration,ecology,historicstatusandconservation,captivepropagation,reproductivebioIogyandbe-haviors,etc.KyDkoArchibaIdandBernardSchmitt(1991)reportedthecomparisonbetWeentheorientaIWhiteStorkandtheEuropeanWhiteStork.TheyalsodescribedspeciaIbehaviorsofiIlCIattering"anddi-videdinto3styIes.ThesearethreatbiIIcIattering",courtshipbilIclattering"andcontactbilIclattering".TheyexpIainedthefem… 相似文献
118.
短季棉生育进程、皮棉产量与积温、光照的关系 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
以中棉所16号为试验材料,经三年试验,研究短季棉在不同年际间气温、光照条件的差异及对生育进程和皮棉产量的影响。结果表明,同一品种不同年际间气温不同,各生育阶段和全生育期的长短差别很大,但所需积温基本一致。生育进程的快慢主要取决于积温,光照无明显的直接影响。同为富光照年,高温年比低温年产量高。在适宜范围内提高温度,对促进光合作用,增加皮棉产量有一定影响,尤其能提早成熟。根据品种对积温的需求,结合当地的气候条件,科学调控棉花的开花结铃期,是实现短季棉高产、稳产、早熟的有效途径。 相似文献
119.
120.
车晓勤 《安徽农业大学学报》2002,(4):97-99
二十世纪90年代,世界格局发生了根木的变化,人类试图在“全球一体化”的语境中寻求共同的利益。经济领域计划经济向市场经济的转型势必会引起上层建筑中文化、意识的转型。转型期的中国当代文学呈现出现代主义”与后现代主义”文化语境互相渗透,知识分子人文意识的变化与失落,文学创作的精神属性淡化与商品生产强化的特点。 相似文献